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- <text id=89TT2084>
- <title>
- Aug. 14, 1989: Losing Big On Capital Gains
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Aug. 14, 1989 The Hostage Agony
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- BUSINESS, Page 53
- Losing Big on Capital Gains
- </hdr><body>
- <p>A shortsighted plan to slash the tax rate may be unstoppable
- </p>
- <p> In an election campaign largely unencumbered by substance,
- Democrats and Republicans last year were sharply divided by one
- pocketbook issue: whether to cut the tax on capital gains.
- George Bush favored the move as a way to encourage investment
- and create jobs. Democrats attacked it as welfare for the
- wealthy, since nearly 70% of individual capital gains are
- reported by taxpayers earning $100,000-plus a year.
- </p>
- <p> Since the election, though, many Democrats have begun to
- see a certain expediency in welfare for the wealthy. The reason:
- a cut in the capital-gains tax would produce a burst of revenue
- for the Treasury, helping Congress meet its targets for reducing
- the federal budget deficit, at least in the short term -- the
- only term that seems to matter in Washington. During the first
- few years of a lower tax, investors would rush to realize the
- appreciation on their stocks and other assets and thus pay taxes
- on them earlier than planned. Once this spurt of early tax
- collections was exhausted, however, a lower capital-gains rate
- would produce much lower revenues.
- </p>
- <p> As Congress adjourned last week for its August recess, the
- capital-gains-cut bandwagon gained momentum. Amazingly,
- Republicans and conservative Democrats, who make up a narrow
- majority of the House Ways and Means Committee, rallied around
- a scheme even more shortsighted than the President's.
- </p>
- <p> The Administration plan would cut capital-gains taxes to
- 15% but would also phase in a rule requiring investors to hold
- an asset for three years in order to qualify for this rate. The
- House measure, proposed by Georgia Democrat Ed Jenkins, would
- cut capital-gains taxes to 20% on investments held at least a
- year. But the cut would be short-lived; in two years the rate
- would return to 28% with indexing for inflation. Investors would
- be sure to roll over their assets and produce a quick windfall
- for the Treasury -- at the expense of future tax collections.
- House Speaker Tom Foley calls it "robbing from future
- generations." Lawrence Summers, a Harvard public-finance expert,
- calls it "probably the worst tax proposal in the history of the
- Republic."
- </p>
- <p> If the President and Congress are serious about spurring
- new investment and jobs, insist experts on Wall Street, in
- Silicon Valley and in academia, they should redesign their tax
- reform. Some of the experts' suggestions:
- </p>
- <p> Target new investments, not old ones, by cutting
- capital-gains taxes only on assets bought after, say, Jan. 1,
- 1990.
- </p>
- <p> Offer a larger tax cut for investments that are held
- longer, and raise the tax sharply for speculation in which
- assets are churned in days or minutes.
- </p>
- <p> Close the loophole that exempts inherited assets from
- capital-gains tax, a reform that would be worth $5.5 billion a
- year in new revenues.
- </p>
- <p> End the capital-gains exemption for pension funds. New York
- City investment banker Felix Rohatyn believes that the funds'
- managers would then focus more on productive investment rather
- than on short-term speculation.
- </p>
- <p> Impose a security-transactions tax on each sale of a stock
- or bond to further encourage longer-term investment over
- churning. At the 0.5% rate charged by Britain and Japan, such
- a tax would raise $10 billion a year for the Treasury.
- </p>
- <p> Cut the tax subsidy for corporate borrowing, which now
- distorts investment decisions and encourages the use of debt for
- speculative purposes.
- </p>
- <p> Sadly, such measures may be a little too bold to be
- entertained by Congress when it reconvenes in September. The
- Jenkins plan would be "a terrible thing for the economy," admits
- a congressional economist, "but it solves so many political
- problems for so many people that it may be unstoppable."
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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